Study of reducing fuel acidity inside the boiler of power plants using PentoMag and reducing the percentage of toxic emissions

Abstract

Corrosion of steam boilers in fuel-fired power plants poses a significant operational and economic challenge, primarily caused by the formation of acidic gases during fuel combustion. The aim of this investigation is to examine the effect of PentoMag (supplied by Pentol Renewable Energy Projects) on fuel behavior and its role in mitigating boiler corrosion at the Wasit Power Plant, Unit 6. The experimental work extended over eight weeks, during which the pH of ash solutions, free acid levels, and concentrations of emitted gases (SOx and CO) were systematically analyzed. The results revealed that, prior to treatment, the pH values of the ash solutions were strongly acidic (1.99–2.3), which directly contributed to corrosion caused by the formation of sulfuric acid inside the boiler. After adding the treated material, pH values increased to 3.8–4.2, reflecting a shift toward a less aggressive acidic medium. Likewise, free acid concentrations dropped significantly from 5.8 - 6 to negligible values (0–0.0040). Gas analysis further confirmed the positive impact of the treatment, with carbon monoxide concentrations reduced from 17–33 ppm to 4–12 ppm, and sulfur oxides decreased from 168–189 ppm to 49–90 ppm. Overall, the application of PentoMag as a fuel additive demonstrated apparent effectiveness in mitigating fuel acidity, reducing harmful emissions, and enhancing boiler efficiency and lifespan, offering a practical solution for sustainable operation in power plants.