Journal of Madenat Alelem University College

The role of the value chain in achieving sustainable competitive advantage

Mohammed abdlwahid, Noor yaseen makhlef — Wed, 05 Jul 2023 11:24:16 +0200

The research aims to explain the concept of value chain technology, its importance, advantages, tools and mechanism of work, through the activities of designing and manufacturing the product and the extent of its impact on the cost, whether negatively or positively. Armed forces and the occurrence of terrorist bombings, but it suffers from a significant increase in costs. Despite the high costs of prostheses, it may not secure the manufacture of high-quality limbs. Its strategies work to reduce costs by excluding activities that do not add value.

The problem of granting citizenship to the sons of the terrorist ISIS

Ali Abdul Aziz Al-Jubouri — Wed, 05 Jul 2023 11:25:45 +0200

This study is one of the important studies that shed light on a sensitive issue experienced by Iraq and the region related to what the terrorist organization (ISIS) has done to control large areas of the land of Iraq. And the resulting crimes against women in particular, whether they were non-Muslims (Christians and Yazidis) or Muslims, as we studied the problem of granting nationality to the sons of the terrorist ISIS who were born on the land of Iraq to Iraqi parents, an Iraqi father, or an Iraqi mother, As well as addressing what happened to our people and our non-Muslim partners in the homeland, whether Christians or Yazidis and others, the true legal position on it. And the extent to which this can be achieved within the legal position based on the Iraqi constitution of 2005 and Nationality Law No. 26 of 2006, apart from the position on the crimes committed by members of this terrorist organization.

Analyzing the reality of green finance within the global finance index An analytical study

Shaker Mohsen Saber, Haider Hamza Judy — Wed, 05 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The research aims to analyze the data and information related to the issuance of green bonds globally and their source is the Global Finance Index. This indicator is issued by the Green Finance Council (GGFC), which was established in (2017) for the purpose of bringing together the main global and regional associations and other stakeholders involved in green finance in one council, with the aim of covering a variety of financial products, especially green bonds and loans. The Global Green Finance Index is a measure of the quality and depth of green financial products through global financial centers. It is an indicator approved by the United Nations. This indicator seeks to use advanced statistical techniques to bridge the current data gap. It combines quantitative indicators and estimates of specialists and experts in financial instruments. Collecting data for the index continuously and it is updated twice a year, so it is sensitive to realistic changes in the international political and economic environment. Fossil fuels and their carbon emissions. It has also been shown that there is increasing confidence in the development of green finance in all regions of the world, so the ratings of green finance have increased in almost all centers in terms of depth and quality, due to the global trend towards climate, which opened the way for most countries to adopt the philosophy of reducing emissions.

Antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriocin as a dermal probiotic against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from diabetic foot ulcer

Haneen Majid Abdulkareem Al-Asadi, Khalid Jaber Kadhum Luti — Wed, 05 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The current study was considered to select a appropriate isolate of Lactobacillus sp. in order to use it as an antibacterial formula for treating diabetic foot ulcer disease in diabetic mellitus patients, over two hundred Lactobacillus isolates were collected from different sources for this purpose and subjected to a screening program to evaluate their antagonism activities against multi-drug resistant (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) foot ulcer pathogen which were chosen from one hundred and twenty pathogenic isolates. several Lactobacillus isolates were selected after primary and secondary screening according to their ability to inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa and ability to produce bacteriocin. Results showed the isolate Lactobacillus L40 was selected as a highest bacteriocin producing isolate which was further characterized as Lactobacillus plantarum through Vitek 2 system. Bacteriocin from L. plantarum L40 was partially purified by precipitation with ammonium sulphate with 80% saturation and then separated with sephadex G-150 gel filtration. The specific activity of the resulted partial purified bacteriocin was increased to 864.86 AU/mg with 13-fold purification and 64% yield. The study of bacteriocin characterization revealed that the activity of bacteriocin was stable after 10 min at 20, 30, 40C° whereas, more than 50% of the bacteriocin activity was lost after exposure to 50C° and decreased to approximately 20 AU/ml at 60,70 and 80C°. In addition, bacteriocin activity showed stability at pH 6 and 7 for 30 min while, it was decreased by approximately 50% at pH 5 and 8, and completely inhibited at pH 4 and 9. Antimicrobial activity tests of the partial purified bacteriocin against P. aeruginosa clinical isolates showed that bacteriocin was active against Gram negative bacteria. Formula was selected and optimized that can be used in this study, formula containing bacteriocin produced by L. plantarum L40 formula showed antibacterial activity by inhibiting (P. aeruginosa) growth. The results showed the possibility of using partially purified bacteriocin from L. plantarum L40 as an effective probiotic to deal with some skin pathogens, and treat skin diseases such as diabetic foot ulcer disease. The results supported the idea of using probiotic as an alternative method for the treatment with antibiotics.

Determination of velocity, pressure and heat transfer of a steady state flow of third order fluid using homotopy analysis method

Walaa A.Mahdi, Sabah Abdullatif — Wed, 05 Jul 2023 11:28:21 +0200

This paper, focused on a steady flow of non-Newtonian fluid of three order in a porous walls vertical channel. The equations were used to describe it’s state of motion and the energy equations. The velocity, pressure variations and heat transfer profiles investigated by using Homotopy Analysis Method and examining qualitatively the effect of non-Newtonian parameters (α, β, ) which are dimensionless numbers, Reynolds number (Re), Hartmann number (M), and Peclet number (Pe) on these values. Finally varies numerical simulations were taken to enhance the analytical results.

EFFECT OF WETTING / DRYING CYCLES ON THE SWELLING POTENTIAL OF ANKAWA ALLUVIAL SEDIMENTS

Fawzi Khidir Khalaf, Hasan Ali Abbas — Wed, 05 Jul 2023 11:29:07 +0200

This research deals with the phenomenon of swelling in local clayey soil in Iraq, which is characterized as a sedimentation region rich in various ions that aid in the formation of clay soil. The mineral composition of the clay particles is one of the main factors that affect the soil's swelling. The soil studied is brown clay soil, classified according to the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) as clay soil with low plasticity (CL), containing approximately 35-40% clay materials. The test results for undisturbed samples, with an initial moisture content of 14% and dry density equal to 16.5 kN/m³, indicate that the swelling percentage starts to decrease significantly in the first cycle, reaching 6.8%. Subsequent cycles further reduce the swelling until it stabilizes in the fifth cycle at a ratio of 3.4%. This reduction in swelling is attributed to the shrinkage of the soil during drying, which affects the soil structure and arrangement of particles, transforming the soil structure into a flocculated state. This alteration occurs during the first five cycles, after which the swelling behavior stabilizes in the sixth and seventh cycles. The swelling pressure also decreases with an increase in the number of cycles, reaching stability around the fifth cycle. The most significant change in pressure occurs during the first cycle, with a decrease of 15.9% compared to the initial pressure. The pressure then gradually decreases until reaching 136 kN/m² in the fifth cycle, representing a reduction of approximately 30.25%. These results are significant for estimating the swelling pressure and volume change of clayey soil.