Empowering Intelligent Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Modern Optimization Techniques and Real-World Applications. Journal of Madenat Alelem, [S. l.], v. 17, n. 1, p. 38–64, 2025. Disponível em: https://journal.mauc.edu.iq/index.php/JMAUC/article/view/539. Acesso em: 23 feb. 2026.