The Possible Association of Adenovirus – 36 Infection with Obesity, DM – I and DM – II in some Groups of Iraqi Patients

Abstract

Obesity, DM-I, and DM-II are considered major health problems and life threats for some groups of people. Many studies have revealed that the prevalence of Adv36 infection in 30% or more in the obese adult population and dramatically human adenovirus-36 (Adv36) upregulates distal insulin signaling in vitro and in vivo studies. The current study aimed to explore the association of Adenovirus – 36 infections with obesity, DM-I, and DM-II in some groups of Iraqi patients, and according to our knowledge, in Iraq, there is no published study on this topic. In total, 90 serum samples of three age groups of patients were distributed as 45 samples of patients with DM-I and another 45 samples of patients with DM-II. The presence of Adv36 Abs in serum was determined by using the “Qualitative Human Adenovirus 36 Antibody (ADV36Ab) ELISA Kit”. The prevalence of Adv36 positivity was higher in DM-II as (31.1%) followed by DM-I which estimated as (21.1%) in significant differences compared with the negativity (p< 0.05). Furthermore, that positivity was paralleled with the increase of obesity prevalence as (12.2%) in obese class I patients had been with DM-II (p< 0.05). In addition, the Adv36-positive serology test was more associated with (8 – 25) of age interval and patients with obese class I (p< 0.05), even more in females compared to males with significant differences (p< 0.05). The current results showed an association of Adv-36 antibodies existence with obesity and particularly it has been associated with overweight. Furthermore, Adv-36 positivity was related to DM-II patients first then followed by DM-1 for the Iraqi patients. Finally, our results give the warning to evaluate the issues with more highly efficient laboratories and clinical techniques to confirm the real role of Adv-36 as a co-factor with obesity in obese and diabetic Iraqi patients.